In our hospitals, its common that we reuse a medical device or a surgical instrument. These devices will be in contact with a patient’s sterile tissue or mucous membranes. One of the worrying fact here is the introduction of pathogenic microbes that could lead to infection. So it is a must to disinfect or sterilize reusable medical equipment to avoid possible risks associated with the breach of the host barriers. For better understanding of sterilization and disinfection, let us define it simply. Sterilization is the process that destroys all types and forms of microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi and bacterial endospores). Sterilization methods we use at Padma Hygiene Solutions include the use of steam under pressure, dry heat and unsaturated chemical vapour. Disinfection is generally less lethal to pathogenic organisms than sterilization. There are three levels of disinfection depending on the type of micro-organisms to be destroyed. But the effectiveness of disinfection procedure depends on several other factors, including the type and number of micro-organisms present, the concentration and length of exposure to the disinfecting agent and the amount of organic matter or other debris present on the item being disinfected.